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Non-Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Retinopathy A patient presented to the uveitis clinic for progressively decreasing vision in both eyes. She first noticed difficulty in seeing at night and later also developed flashes and halos of light. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 in the right eye and 20/8…

Non-Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Retinopathy (npAIR) A patient presented to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic for progressively decreasing vision in both eyes. He first noticed flashes and a blind spot in both eyes 3 months ago. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/80 in the right eye and 20/50 in the lef…

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Keratitis A patient five months after bilateral simultaneous cataract surgery in another country presents to the BPEI emergency room with bilateral decreased vision and extreme right eye pain for the last 2 weeks. Their exam was notable for visual acuity of hand motion i…

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Keratitis A patient with past ocular history of uncomplicated pterygium surgery develops mycobacterial keratitis which progresses to a descemetocele. After worsening on topical antibiotics to the point of nearly perforating, the patient undergoes rose-Bengal photodynami…

Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Keratitis A 39-year-old Hispanic male presented to the Emergency Room with worsening blurry vision and pain in the left eye for 1 month after feeling something “fly into his eye” while cutting wood. Visual acuity was 20/40 on presentation with a small 1 x 1 mm multi…

Normal Tension Glaucoma A 22-year-old previously healthy female from Guatemala presents as a referral for “severe glaucoma” with symptoms of intermittent headaches and gradual decline in vision most notable in the left eye. On exam the patient is found to have low-normal intraocular tension, op…

Nuclear 3rd CN Palsy with Vertical Gaze Palsy A patient with significant vasculopathy risk factors (DM, HTN, dyslipidemia), had a stroke affecting the right thalamus, midbrain, and right cerebellum due to basilar artery occlusion. He had a successful mechanical thrombectomy with a stent retriever a…

NUT Carcinoma A patient presented with several weeks of right eye proptosis. On initial examination, his visual acuity in the right eye was 20/400, and a relative afferent pupillary defect was noted. He had 4 mm relative proptosis on the right and restricted motility in all gaze directions. CT orbi…

Nyctalopia Due to Vitamin A Deficiency A patient with a past medical history of liver cirrhosis, presented to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic with blurry vision in both eyes and nyctalopia that started around a year ago. Ophthalmological exam was notable for a visual acuity of 20/40 in both eyes, re…

Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid An 83-year-old monocular male presented to the Cornea division, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute with bilateral decreased vision, pain redness and burning for many years getting progressively worse. Examination revealed hand motion vision, ankyloblepharon and chronic cicatr…

Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid An elderly patient with a past ocular history of biopsy-negative cicatrizing conjunctivitis with symblepharon in both eyes, dry eye syndrome, myopic degeneration, and bilateral pseudophakia presented with right eye pain and itching for 3 days. She reported no associate…

Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid A patient with a past medical history significant for biopsy-proven ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) was referred for cataract evaluation in the right eye. At presentation, her vision in the right eye was hand motion, and she had been off systemic immunosuppression …

Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid An elderly patient with severe ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) and immunosuppressed with mycophenolate mofetil has previously lost the right eye due to corneal perforation and choroidal hemorrhage resulting in evisceration. After 5 years of quiescence, his left eye…

Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid / Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid A patient with a PMHx of HTN presented to BPEI with redness and discharge of the left eye for 3 months. Review of systems was negative for any systemic symptoms. Visual acuity of the left eye was 20/80, IOP was 13 mmHg, there was no APD, an…

Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease A 39-year-old female with 6 months of eye itchiness and yellow discharge for 6 months. Pt has a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with allogenic bone marrow transplant. Pt diagnosed with ocular graft versus host disease. Pt had some improvement with lu…

Ocular Ischemic Syndrome Ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) is a rare condition associated with severe carotid artery occlusive disease leading to ocular hypoperfusion. It typically presents at mean age of 65, there is no racial predilection, and is two times more common in men than women. It is typica…

Ocular Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma A patient with metastatic cutaneous melanoma to the eye was referred to BPEI glaucoma service for elevated IOP. Examination revealed 20/125 vision and IOP 31 mmHg on multiple glaucoma drops. Gonioscopy revealed a diffuse melanomatous membrane and pigment accumul…

Ocular Neuromyotonia A child with a history of left exotropia secondary to a congenital third nerve palsy treated with strabismus surgery and ptosis repair presented with sudden onset intermittent left upper lid twitching and involuntary eye movements. Patient had no previous history of intracrania…

Ocular Sarcoidosis A patient with no past ocular history presented with right eye blurry vision for the past 4 months secondary to non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage. The exam was notable for visual acuity hand motion in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Intra-ocular pressure was 17 and 17 mmH…

Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia A 65-year-old male with history of suspected glaucoma, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented for a routine eye exam. Patient reported spending a lot of time in the sun. Visual acuity was 20/20 and intraocular pressure was normal in both eyes. Exam re…