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Fundus photo with retinal arteriovenous malformation emanating from the nerve. FA shows filling of the vessels without leakage. MRI is needed to assess for intracranial AVMs.

This is congenital retinal dystrophy is caused by a mutation in the retinoschisin (RS1) gene, which encodes for a protein that functions in cellular adhesion. The fundus photo shows a macular stellate pattern caused by schisis or splitting of the retinal layers at the level of the outer plexiform l…

Autosomal Dominant Neovascular Inflammatory Vitreoretinopathy A patient with no family history of retinal disease presented to the Bascom Palmer emergency room with 4 days of floaters in her right eye. Her VA was 20/30 and her intraocular pressure was normal. She was found to have vitreous hemorrha…

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion in Patient with MTHFR Mutation A patient in good health presented with painless acute blurred vision in the right eye. She was found to have macular edema and retinal hemorrhages consistent with a CRVO. Her initial visual acuity was 20/40 in the right eye and 20/20 in…

A patient presented with a central scotoma in the right eye. Fundus examination revealed midperipheral chorioretinal atrophy in both eyes (Fig A). Fundus autofluorescence demonstrated areas of confluent midperipheral hypoautofluorescence (Fig B). Optical coherence tomography demonstrated choroidal …

Choroideremia with Secondary Choroidal Neovascularization A patient with no past medical history presented to the emergency department complaining of floaters in the right eye. Exam was notable for visual acuity of 20/70 in the right eye and 20/30 in the left eye. Intraocular pressures were 14 and …

Fundus photo with multifocal unilateral white dots and central atrophy. On closer inspection a sub retinal nematode is found. Post laser treatment with laser photocoagulation and with many years of follow up there was no progression of the uveitis.

Silicone oil used in this case was for retinal detachment repair and has emulsified/ It has come to the anterior chamber. The oil is less dense than aqueous fluid and will be found in the superior angle. This is sometimes referred to as a "reverse hypopyon".

Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy A child presents to the retina clinic for exotropia. He has no relevant past birth, medical or family history, except that his maternal uncle was blind. His anterior segment exam is normal. Macular dragging with straightening of vessels is noted in the left eye.…

Examples of Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy.

Microcephaly with or without Chorioretinopathy, Lymphedema or Intellectual Disability (MCLID) This patient with past medical history of microcephaly, lymphedema and mild cognitive delay, was referred for retinal evaluation. Ophthalmological evaluation was notable for hyperopia and extramacular pigm…

This patient was diagnosed with genetic testing to have the hereditary vitreoretinopathy, Wegner's Syndrome. The abnormal vitreoretinal interface leads to a focal tractional retinal detachment of the macula. Post-operative photo and OCT show resolution of the detachment after vitrectomy.