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Patient with a history of pathological myopia and retinal detachment in the fellow eye. Has been stable with a large chronic retinal detachment. There are two demarcation lines noted in the macula. The vision is preserved.

Temporal horseshoe tear with localized retinal detachment. It was demarcated with laser retinopexy and has remained stable.

The pseudocyst (yellow arrow) can be a signal that the retinal detachment is chronic. The ultrasound helps to clearly define the fluid filled cavity. It is thought that these are formed by schisis cavities in the outer plexiform layer. If closure of the primary break is not possible, or if the pseu…

Slit lamp photo with white tumor growing into the sulcus inferior temporally. The Ultrasound Biomicroscopy shows a medium density mass in the ciliary body. The patient had known stage 4 lung cancer.

Closed-Globe Ocular Trauma An 18-year-old female presents to BPEI ER after sustaining injuries to the eye from a motor vehicle accident. The patient was diagnosed with a closed-globe injury and had subsequent traumatic angle-recession glaucoma, vitreous prolapse, and traumatic cataract. She also ha…

In this condition, vasculitis of both arteries and veins, with translucent exudation, gives a similar appearance to the frosted branches of a tree. (Yellow arrow). Superior nasally, there is also the classic retinal whitening with retinal hemorrhages, also known as a “pizza pie fundus”.

RetCam photo with a bullous exudative retinal detachment. Angiography shows area of engorged vessels, telangiectasias and neovascularization. Ultrasound with moderate dense vitreous opacities and no calcifications. Surgery with external drainage was required for treatment.

Congenital Zika Syndrome A 20 m/o female presented to an eye clinic in Colombia for a follow-up eye exam. Ocular examination revealed a normal anterior segment exam, but fundus photos displayed focal pigment mottling in the macula bilaterally. These ocular findings were attributed to ocular involve…

In this module, we will look at:




Conjunctiva


Sclera

Conjunctival Keratoacanthoma Keratoacanthoma (KA) is an epithelial tumor characterized by rapid, abundant growth and a potential for spontaneous resolution. It typically occurs on the skin in sun-exposed areas such as the face, neck, and hands. Rarely it can occur on the conjunctiva and vulvar regi…

Conjunctival Melanoma A 38-year-old healthy man presents with a pigmented lesion two years after onset and undergoes excisional biopsy which confirms conjunctival melanoma. Systemic work-up reveals metastasis, and the patient undergoes multiple cycles of radiation and chemotherapy. He later died of…

Conjunctival Melanoma A 55-year-old male who presented to Bascom Palmer for a multi-year history of a progressively enlarging painless pigmented conjunctival lesion of the right eye. He was found to have a large non-mobile pigmented lesion of the right perilimbal conjunctiva. While initially he was…

A large pigmented nasal growth with vascularization. This case was treated with surgery using a 'no touch technique' excisional biopsy with 4 mm margins and amniotic membrane tissue placement.

Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Intraorbital and Intraocular Invasion A 64-year-old male with a history of T2DM and HTN was referred for 2 weeks of severe pain and redness in the right eye. Two months earlier, he had undergone reported pterygium removal surgery in another country. At pres…

In this module, we will look at:




Corneal Anatomy


Refractive Errors


Dry Eye Syndrome


Corneal Infections


Immune Mediated Corneal Disease



Corneal Ectasias and Degenerations

COVID-19 Related Conjunctivitis A 33-year-old female presented with 6 days of eye redness and tearing without vision changes. She had no significant past medical history and was not taking any medications. Of note, the patient was a Registered Nurse at University of Miami Hospital. She had multiple…

Cranial Nerve 6 Palsy from Metastatic Cholangiocarcinoma A 34-year-old woman presented with 2 weeks of diplopia. The patient had binocular horizontal diplopia with a right cranial nerve 6 palsy and moderate-to-severe headache of 1-week duration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orb…

Immunocompromised patient with HIV and CMV retinitis. The perivascular inflammation and whitening are known as frosted branch angiitis.

Patient with HIV on treatment with Didanosine. Fundus photos with peripheral, well circumscribed, patchy choroidal atrophy in both eyes.

Fundus photo with multifocal unilateral white dots and central atrophy. On closer inspection a sub retinal nematode is found. Post laser treatment with laser photocoagulation and with many years of follow up there was no progression of the uveitis.